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HSK 3Pelajaran 13 dari 15 · 7 poin tata bahasa

Sequence, alternatives and parallel activity

先…再… orders actions, 或者 offers alternatives, 一会儿 alternates, 一边 overlaps and 不但 adds a point. These relationships are not interchangeable. Choose a pair that matches the actual temporal or argumentative relationship.

Learning goals (7)
  • Ordered steps.
  • Alternative possibilities.
  • Alternating states.
  • Two concurrent qualities.
  • Doing two things at once.
  • Adding a stronger point.
  • Acknowledged fact and contrast.

先…，再/然后…

Ordered steps

先 introduces the initial action; 再 or 然后 introduces the following step.

先洗手，再吃饭。

Xiān xǐ shǒu, zài chī fàn.

Wash your hands first, then eat.

Lainnya

Jebakan: The order matters; the connector does not describe simultaneous actions.

或者…，或者…

Alternative possibilities

或者…或者… presents alternatives without necessarily asking the listener to choose.

我们或者坐车，或者走路。

Wǒ men huò zhě zuò chē, huò zhě zǒu lù.

We can either take a vehicle or walk.

Lainnya

Jebakan: For a direct choice question, 还是 is normally the appropriate connector.

一会儿…，一会儿…

Alternating states

一会儿…一会儿… describes alternation between activities or states over short intervals.

他一会儿看书，一会儿看手机。

Tā yī huìr kàn shū, yī huìr kàn shǒu jī.

He alternates between reading and looking at his phone.

Lainnya

Jebakan: The activities alternate rather than necessarily occurring simultaneously.

又…，又…

Two concurrent qualities

又…又… adds two compatible properties or actions, often evaluatively.

这家店又便宜又好。

Zhè jiā diàn yòu pián yi yòu hǎo.

This shop is both inexpensive and good.

Lainnya

Jebakan: This paired 又 differs from a single 又 meaning again.

一边…，一边…

Doing two things at once

一边…一边… links overlapping actions, usually with the same actor.

他一边走路，一边说话。

Tā yī biān zǒu lù, yī biān shuō huà.

He talks while walking.

Lainnya

Jebakan: Use sequential connectors when the activities occur one after the other.

不但…，而且…

Adding a stronger point

不但…而且… adds a further point, often increasing its importance. With different subjects, place 不但 before the first subject.

他不但会说，还会写。

Tā bù dàn huì shuō, hái huì xiě.

He can not only speak but also write.

Lainnya

Jebakan: The added point should form a meaningful progression or addition.

虽然…，可是…

Acknowledged fact and contrast

虽然 introduces a conceded fact; 可是 introduces the result that goes against expectation.

虽然下雨，可是他还是来了。

Suī rán xià yǔ, kě shì tā hái shì lái le.

Although it rained, he still came.

Lainnya

Jebakan: A concession does not mean its first clause is false.

Detail sumber (silabus resmi)

  • Ordered steps

    Butir silabus
    先……，再/然后……
    Kategori
    承接复句
    ID tata bahasa
    grammar-L3-082
    Halaman PDF
    394 (cetak 391)

  • Alternative possibilities

    Butir silabus
    或者……，或者……
    Kategori
    选择复句
    ID tata bahasa
    grammar-L3-083
    Halaman PDF
    394 (cetak 391)

  • Alternating states

    Butir silabus
    一会儿……，一会儿……
    Kategori
    并列复句
    ID tata bahasa
    grammar-L3-084
    Halaman PDF
    394 (cetak 391)

  • Two concurrent qualities

    Butir silabus
    又……，又……
    Kategori
    并列复句
    ID tata bahasa
    grammar-L3-085
    Halaman PDF
    394 (cetak 391)

  • Doing two things at once

    Butir silabus
    一边……，一边……
    Kategori
    并列复句
    ID tata bahasa
    grammar-L3-086
    Halaman PDF
    394 (cetak 391)

  • Adding a stronger point

    Butir silabus
    不但……，而且……
    Kategori
    递进复句
    ID tata bahasa
    grammar-L3-087
    Halaman PDF
    394 (cetak 391)

  • Acknowledged fact and contrast

    Butir silabus
    虽然……，可是……
    Kategori
    转折复句
    ID tata bahasa
    grammar-L3-088
    Halaman PDF
    394 (cetak 391)