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HSK 6Bài 9/9 · 4 điểm ngữ pháp

Exceptions, concessions and purpose

除非 isolates a necessary exception; with 否则 the second clause describes the default when that exception fails. 就算 maintains a result despite a condition; 以便 states an enabling purpose. Check the logic by imagining the condition both true and false.

Learning goals (4)
  • Only under an exception condition.
  • Unless…otherwise.
  • Even supposing.
  • Enabling a purpose with 以便.

除非…，才…

Only under an exception condition

除非…才… presents a condition as necessary for the following outcome.

除非你亲自解释，他才会相信。

Chú fēi nǐ qīn zì jiě shì, tā cái huì xiāng xìn.

He will believe it only if you explain in person.

Thêm

除非你亲自解释，他才会相信 states personal explanation as necessary. It does not guarantee belief in every real-world circumstance; it expresses the speaker's condition for the claim.

Lỗi hay gặp: The condition is a required exception, not merely one helpful possibility.

除非…，否则/不然…

Unless…otherwise

除非…否则/不然… states the default result when the exception condition is not met.

除非下雨，否则我们照常出发。

Chú fēi xià yǔ, fǒu zé wǒ men zhào cháng chū fā.

Unless it rains, we will leave as planned.

Thêm

除非下雨，否则照常出发: no rain implies planned departure. If rain occurs, the sentence releases that default; the exact alternative may remain unstated. Do not automatically infer a fully specified cancellation procedure.

Lỗi hay gặp: The second clause applies when the 除非 condition is false.

就算…，也…

Even supposing

就算…也… holds the result despite an admitted or imagined condition.

就算失败了，我也不后悔。

Jiù suàn shī bài le, wǒ yě bù hòu huǐ.

Even if I fail, I will not regret it.

Thêm

Lỗi hay gặp: The clause can be hypothetical; do not automatically treat the failure as fact.

…，以便…

Enabling a purpose with 以便

以便 introduces the intended benefit enabled by the preceding action, usually in written or formal language.

请留下电话，以便我们联系你。

Qǐng liú xià diàn huà, yǐ biàn wǒ men lián xì nǐ.

Please leave your number so that we can contact you.

Thêm

Lỗi hay gặp: The purpose clause states an intended use, not necessarily an achieved consequence.

Chi tiết nguồn (đề cương chính thức)

  • Only under an exception condition

    Mục trong đề cương
    除非……，才……
    Loại
    条件复句
    Mã ngữ pháp
    grammar-L6-047
    Trang PDF
    402 (trang in 399)

  • Unless…otherwise

    Mục trong đề cương
    除非……，否则/不然……
    Loại
    条件复句
    Mã ngữ pháp
    grammar-L6-048
    Trang PDF
    402 (trang in 399)

  • Even supposing

    Mục trong đề cương
    就算……，也……
    Loại
    让步复句
    Mã ngữ pháp
    grammar-L6-049
    Trang PDF
    402 (trang in 399)

  • Enabling a purpose with 以便

    Mục trong đề cương
    ……，以便……
    Loại
    目的复句
    Mã ngữ pháp
    grammar-L6-050
    Trang PDF
    402 (trang in 399)