HSK 6Lesson 9 of 9 · 4 grammar points
Exceptions, concessions and purpose
除非 isolates a necessary exception; with 否则 the second clause describes the default when that exception fails. 就算 maintains a result despite a condition; 以便 states an enabling purpose. Check the logic by imagining the condition both true and false.
Learning goals (4)
- Only under an exception condition.
- Unless…otherwise.
- Even supposing.
- Enabling a purpose with 以便.
除非…,才…
Only under an exception condition
除非…才… presents a condition as necessary for the following outcome.
除非你亲自解释,他才会相信。
He will believe it only if you explain in person.
More
除非你亲自解释,他才会相信 states personal explanation as necessary. It does not guarantee belief in every real-world circumstance; it expresses the speaker's condition for the claim.
Pitfall: The condition is a required exception, not merely one helpful possibility.
除非…,否则/不然…
Unless…otherwise
除非…否则/不然… states the default result when the exception condition is not met.
除非下雨,否则我们照常出发。
Unless it rains, we will leave as planned.
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除非下雨,否则照常出发: no rain implies planned departure. If rain occurs, the sentence releases that default; the exact alternative may remain unstated. Do not automatically infer a fully specified cancellation procedure.
Pitfall: The second clause applies when the 除非 condition is false.
就算…,也…
Even supposing
就算…也… holds the result despite an admitted or imagined condition.
就算失败了,我也不后悔。
Even if I fail, I will not regret it.
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Pitfall: The clause can be hypothetical; do not automatically treat the failure as fact.
…,以便…
Enabling a purpose with 以便
以便 introduces the intended benefit enabled by the preceding action, usually in written or formal language.
请留下电话,以便我们联系你。
Please leave your number so that we can contact you.
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Pitfall: The purpose clause states an intended use, not necessarily an achieved consequence.
Source details (official syllabus)
Only under an exception condition
- Syllabus item
- 除非……,才……
- Category
- 条件复句
- Grammar ID
- grammar-L6-047
- PDF page
- 402 (printed 399)
Unless…otherwise
- Syllabus item
- 除非……,否则/不然……
- Category
- 条件复句
- Grammar ID
- grammar-L6-048
- PDF page
- 402 (printed 399)
Even supposing
- Syllabus item
- 就算……,也……
- Category
- 让步复句
- Grammar ID
- grammar-L6-049
- PDF page
- 402 (printed 399)
Enabling a purpose with 以便
- Syllabus item
- ……,以便……
- Category
- 目的复句
- Grammar ID
- grammar-L6-050
- PDF page
- 402 (printed 399)
- 1FILL BLANK
你亲自解释,他才会相信。
Choose the expression that completes the sentence.
“He will believe it only if you explain in person.”
- 2FILL BLANK
请留下电话,我们联系你。
Choose the expression that completes the sentence.
“Please leave your number so that we can contact you.”
- 3MATCH
Tap a sentence, then tap its meaning.
Tap a sentence, then tap its meaning.
- 4CHOOSE
In 除非下雨,否则照常出发, what happens if it does not rain?
- 5CHOOSE
除非收到取消通知,否则会议照常举行。
No cancellation notice arrives. What follows under this rule?
- 6ORDER
Tap the chunks to build the sentence.
“He will believe it only if you explain in person.”
Tap the chunks in order. - 7ORDER
Tap the chunks to build the sentence.
“Unless it rains, we will leave as planned.”
Tap the chunks in order.
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