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HSK 2Pelajaran 11 dari 13 · 4 poin tata bahasa

Comparing qualities and performance

A comparison needs a target, a standard and a dimension. A following amount can express the difference. 没有…那么 commonly states that the target falls short; 不比 merely denies its exceeding the standard.

Learning goals (4)
  • Basic comparison.
  • How much more.
  • As…as and not as…as.
  • Comparing performance.

A比B+形容词

Basic comparison

A比B+adjective compares A against B on one property.

这间房比那间大。

Zhè jiān fáng bǐ nà jiān dà.

This room is bigger than that one.

Lainnya

Jebakan: The standard B follows 比, not the adjective.

十块钱

How much more

A difference amount or degree complement after the adjective specifies the comparison's extent.

这本书比那本贵十块钱。

Zhè běn shū bǐ nà běn guì shí kuài qián.

This book is ten yuan more expensive than that one.

Lainnya

Jebakan: Do not confuse difference in price with total price.

没有

As…as and not as…as

有 can express reaching another's degree; 没有 commonly expresses falling short, often with 那么 or 这么.

我没有他那么高。

Wǒ méi yǒu tā nà me gāo.

I am not as tall as he is.

Lainnya

他有你那么高吗？ asks whether he reaches your height. 他没有你那么高 says he falls short. 他不比你高 merely denies being taller. Do not collapse these into one negative comparison.

Jebakan: 不比他高 does not necessarily assert that I am shorter.

跑得快

Comparing performance

Compare the manner of an action through 得: A比B+V得+adjective, or A+V得比B+adjective.

她比我跑得快。

Tā bǐ wǒ pǎo de kuài.

She runs faster than me.

Lainnya

Jebakan: The comparison concerns performance, not simply a person's property.

Detail sumber (silabus resmi)

  • Basic comparison

    Butir silabus
    （1）A比B+形容词
    Kategori
    比较句1
    ID tata bahasa
    grammar-L2-061
    Halaman PDF
    390 (cetak 387)

  • How much more

    Butir silabus
    （2）A比B+形容词+数量补语/程度补语
    Kategori
    比较句1
    ID tata bahasa
    grammar-L2-062
    Halaman PDF
    390 (cetak 387)

  • As…as and not as…as

    Butir silabus
    （3）A有/没有B（+这么/那么）+形容词
    Kategori
    比较句1
    ID tata bahasa
    grammar-L2-063
    Halaman PDF
    390 (cetak 387)

  • Comparing performance

    Butir silabus
    （4）A比B+动词+得+形容词/A+动词+得+比+B+形容词
    Kategori
    比较句1
    ID tata bahasa
    grammar-L2-064
    Halaman PDF
    390 (cetak 387)