HSK 5Lesson 8 of 11 · 7 grammar points

Possession, attachment and affectedness

有着 describes lasting attributes, V有 introduces attached or recorded content, and advanced 把/被 patterns rearrange affected participants. Some comparisons omit 比 only in limited constructions. Do not infer unrestricted templates from one familiar sentence.

Learning goals (7)

Possession with 有着.
Attachment or inscription with 有.
把 with 一+verb.
把 with a further object.
Relations within serial predicates.
Difference without 比.
Passive with additional 给.

有着

Possession with 有着

有着 often presents a lasting attribute or connection in descriptive prose.

这座城市有着悠久的历史。

Zhè zuò chéng shì yǒu zhe yōu jiǔ de lì shǐ.

This city has a long history.

Pitfall: 有着 is not the default substitute for 有 in every simple possession statement.

有

Attachment or inscription with 有

V+有 can present what is written, attached or stored on a surface or in a place.

纸上写有他的名字。

Zhǐ shàng xiě yǒu tā de míng zì.

His name is written on the paper.

Pitfall: This is not the same structure as an ordinary recipient followed by 给.

主语+把+宾语+一+动词

把 with 一+verb

把+object+一+verb often presents a brisk bounded handling action, followed by its result or next event.

他把门一关就走了。

Tā bǎ mén yī guān jiù zǒu le.

He shut the door and left.

Pitfall: The construction typically needs a supporting context rather than an isolated bare clause.

把

把 with a further object

After 把+affected object, some verbs take another nominal expression specifying what happens to it.

他把客厅当卧室。

Tā bǎ kè tīng dāng wò shì.

He uses the living room as a bedroom.

In 他把客厅当卧室, 客厅 is the affected first object and 卧室 the role assigned through 当. In 把墙刷成白色, 白色 follows a result structure; it should not be mislabeled as an identical bare-verb-plus-object pattern.

Pitfall: 客厅 is the affected first object; 卧室 identifies the role assigned by 当.

生病住院

Relations within serial predicates

Shared-subject predicates can imply cause, contrast or condition without a full paired connector.

他生病住院了。

Tā shēng bìng zhù yuàn le.

He fell ill and was hospitalized.

生病住院 implies a causal relation; 躺着不睡 contrasts lying down with not sleeping; 有事来找我 compresses a condition and response. These are relations inferred from shared participants and context, not one invariant meaning for all serial verbs.

Pitfall: Interpret the relation from meaning; adjacent verbs do not always express simple purpose.

大我两岁

Difference without 比

Certain adjectives can precede a comparison standard and quantity directly, especially age, height or length differences.

他大我两岁。

Tā dà wǒ liǎng suì.

He is two years older than me.

Pitfall: This pattern is restricted; do not delete 比 from every comparison.

给

Passive with additional 给

In colloquial passives, 给 may appear before the action after the agent, adding affectedness or emphasis.

我的书被他给拿走了。

Wǒ de shū bèi tā gěi ná zǒu le.

My book was taken away by him.

Pitfall: This 给 is not introducing a recipient of a gift.

Source details (official syllabus)

Possession with 有着
Syllabus item
（1）表示存在、具有：主语+有+着+宾语
Category
“有”字句3
Grammar ID
grammar-L5-049
PDF page
399 (printed 396)
Attachment or inscription with 有
Syllabus item
（2）表示附着：主语+动词+有+宾语
Category
“有”字句3
Grammar ID
grammar-L5-050
PDF page
399 (printed 396)
把 with 一+verb
Syllabus item
（1）主语+把+宾语+一+动词
Category
“把”字句3
Grammar ID
grammar-L5-051
PDF page
399 (printed 396)
把 with a further object
Syllabus item
（2）主语+把+宾语1+动词+宾语2
Category
“把”字句3
Grammar ID
grammar-L5-052
PDF page
399 (printed 396)
Relations within serial predicates
Syllabus item
前后两个动词性词语具有因果、转折、条件关系
Category
连动句3
Grammar ID
grammar-L5-053
PDF page
399 (printed 396)
Difference without 比
Syllabus item
A+形容词+B+数量补语
Category
比较句4
Grammar ID
grammar-L5-054
PDF page
399 (printed 396)
Passive with additional 给
Syllabus item
主语+被/叫/让+宾语+给+动词+其他成分
Category
被动句3
Grammar ID
grammar-L5-055
PDF page
399 (printed 396)