HSK 5Bài 8/11 · 7 điểm ngữ pháp
Possession, attachment and affectedness
有着 describes lasting attributes, V有 introduces attached or recorded content, and advanced 把/被 patterns rearrange affected participants. Some comparisons omit 比 only in limited constructions. Do not infer unrestricted templates from one familiar sentence.
Learning goals (7)
- Possession with 有着.
- Attachment or inscription with 有.
- 把 with 一+verb.
- 把 with a further object.
- Relations within serial predicates.
- Difference without 比.
- Passive with additional 给.
有着
Possession with 有着
有着 often presents a lasting attribute or connection in descriptive prose.
这座城市有着悠久的历史。
This city has a long history.
Thêm
Lỗi hay gặp: 有着 is not the default substitute for 有 in every simple possession statement.
有
Attachment or inscription with 有
V+有 can present what is written, attached or stored on a surface or in a place.
纸上写有他的名字。
His name is written on the paper.
Thêm
Lỗi hay gặp: This is not the same structure as an ordinary recipient followed by 给.
主语+把+宾语+一+动词
把 with 一+verb
把+object+一+verb often presents a brisk bounded handling action, followed by its result or next event.
他把门一关就走了。
He shut the door and left.
Thêm
Lỗi hay gặp: The construction typically needs a supporting context rather than an isolated bare clause.
把
把 with a further object
After 把+affected object, some verbs take another nominal expression specifying what happens to it.
他把客厅当卧室。
He uses the living room as a bedroom.
Thêm
In 他把客厅当卧室, 客厅 is the affected first object and 卧室 the role assigned through 当. In 把墙刷成白色, 白色 follows a result structure; it should not be mislabeled as an identical bare-verb-plus-object pattern.
Lỗi hay gặp: 客厅 is the affected first object; 卧室 identifies the role assigned by 当.
生病住院
Relations within serial predicates
Shared-subject predicates can imply cause, contrast or condition without a full paired connector.
他生病住院了。
He fell ill and was hospitalized.
Thêm
生病住院 implies a causal relation; 躺着不睡 contrasts lying down with not sleeping; 有事来找我 compresses a condition and response. These are relations inferred from shared participants and context, not one invariant meaning for all serial verbs.
Lỗi hay gặp: Interpret the relation from meaning; adjacent verbs do not always express simple purpose.
大我两岁
Difference without 比
Certain adjectives can precede a comparison standard and quantity directly, especially age, height or length differences.
他大我两岁。
He is two years older than me.
Thêm
Lỗi hay gặp: This pattern is restricted; do not delete 比 from every comparison.
给
Passive with additional 给
In colloquial passives, 给 may appear before the action after the agent, adding affectedness or emphasis.
我的书被他给拿走了。
My book was taken away by him.
Thêm
Lỗi hay gặp: This 给 is not introducing a recipient of a gift.
Chi tiết nguồn (đề cương chính thức)
Possession with 有着
- Mục trong đề cương
- （1）表示存在、具有：主语+有+着+宾语
- Loại
- “有”字句3
- Mã ngữ pháp
- grammar-L5-049
- Trang PDF
- 399 (trang in 396)
Attachment or inscription with 有
- Mục trong đề cương
- （2）表示附着：主语+动词+有+宾语
- Loại
- “有”字句3
- Mã ngữ pháp
- grammar-L5-050
- Trang PDF
- 399 (trang in 396)
把 with 一+verb
- Mục trong đề cương
- （1）主语+把+宾语+一+动词
- Loại
- “把”字句3
- Mã ngữ pháp
- grammar-L5-051
- Trang PDF
- 399 (trang in 396)
把 with a further object
- Mục trong đề cương
- （2）主语+把+宾语1+动词+宾语2
- Loại
- “把”字句3
- Mã ngữ pháp
- grammar-L5-052
- Trang PDF
- 399 (trang in 396)
Relations within serial predicates
- Mục trong đề cương
- 前后两个动词性词语具有因果、转折、条件关系
- Loại
- 连动句3
- Mã ngữ pháp
- grammar-L5-053
- Trang PDF
- 399 (trang in 396)
Difference without 比
- Mục trong đề cương
- A+形容词+B+数量补语
- Loại
- 比较句4
- Mã ngữ pháp
- grammar-L5-054
- Trang PDF
- 399 (trang in 396)
Passive with additional 给
- Mục trong đề cương
- 主语+被/叫/让+宾语+给+动词+其他成分
- Loại
- 被动句3
- Mã ngữ pháp
- grammar-L5-055
- Trang PDF
- 399 (trang in 396)
- 1FILL BLANK
这座城市悠久的历史。
Choose the expression that completes the sentence.
“This city has a long history.”
- 2FILL BLANK
我的书被他拿走了。
Choose the expression that completes the sentence.
“My book was taken away by him.”
- 3MATCH
Tap a sentence, then tap its meaning.
Bấm một câu, rồi bấm nghĩa của nó.
- 4CHOOSE
Which uses a conventional comparison without 比?
- 5CHOOSE
墙上写有安全提示。
What does 写有 foreground?
- 6ORDER
Tap the chunks to build the sentence.
“This city has a long history.”
Bấm các cụm theo đúng thứ tự. - 7ORDER
Tap the chunks to build the sentence.
“His name is written on the paper.”
Bấm các cụm theo đúng thứ tự.
Đã làm 0/7 câu.
Bài tiếp: Narrative results and contingencies →有着Possession with 有着
- 我想起小时候，这条街虽然破旧，却有着安稳的节奏和端正的生活态度。 Sự thay đổi của con phố cổ · HSK 6
有Attachment or inscription with 有
- 我拿到的一本书里，就有一张小纸条：“第八章最好看，别跳过。” Giá sách dưới lầu · HSK 5
- 小桌子上正好有六个鸡蛋，旁边写着：“今天买多了，请大家拿。” Chiếc bàn nhỏ của mọi người · HSK 4
- 桌子上放着打开的材料，第三页上有客户写的四个字：“太难理解”。 Ngày mai bắt đầu từ trang ba · HSK 4
主语+把+宾语+一+动词把 with 一+verb
- 李老师没有说他的答案不对，而是把题里的一个数字改了。 Đáp án giống nhau, cách làm khác nhau · HSK 4
把把 with a further object
- 他把手机递给我，问哪张好。 Những ngọn đèn trong sân · HSK 5
- 我们没有立刻把父亲拉回群，而是先问他希望怎样联系。 Nhìn thấy không có nghĩa là đã trả lời · HSK 5
- 我把这件事放进报告，没有说自己做了多大的贡献，只写清楚问题是怎样发现、怎样处理的。 Báo cáo thiếu một việc · HSK 5