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HSK 5Bài 9/11 · 6 điểm ngữ pháp

Narrative results and contingencies

便 advances a close sequence, 或是 presents alternatives, and 一旦、假如、万一 frame different kinds of conditions. 万一 commonly anticipates a risk. 不然 then states what happens if the desired action or condition fails.

Learning goals (6)
  • Narrative consequence with 便.
  • Alternative clauses with 或是.
  • Once a condition takes effect.
  • Supposition with 假如.
  • An unfavorable contingency.
  • Otherwise in conversation.

…，便…

Narrative consequence with 便

便 connects a following event closely to the preceding trigger, often in written narrative.

他听完便走了。

Tā tīng wán biàn zǒu le.

After listening, he left.

Thêm

Lỗi hay gặp: It is not a noun referring to convenience in this use.

或是…，或是…

Alternative clauses with 或是

或是…或是… presents alternatives in a statement, typically without requiring an immediate choice answer.

周末他或是看书，或是出去走走。

Zhōu mò tā huò shì kàn shū, huò shì chū qù zǒu zǒu.

On weekends he either reads or goes for a walk.

Thêm

Lỗi hay gặp: Direct choice questions normally use 还是.

一旦…，就…

Once a condition takes effect

一旦…就… emphasizes the consequence following activation of a condition, often a significant change.

一旦决定了，就不要轻易改变。

Yī dàn jué dìng le, jiù bù yào qīng yì gǎi biàn.

Once you have decided, do not change lightly.

Thêm

Lỗi hay gặp: 一旦 does not by itself specify whether the condition is desirable.

假如

Supposition with 假如

假如 introduces a hypothetical situation; the result may use 就.

假如时间允许，我们就多住一天。

Jiǎ rú shí jiān yǔn xǔ, wǒ men jiù duō zhù yī tiān.

If time allows, we will stay one extra day.

Thêm

Lỗi hay gặp: The condition is entertained, not asserted as already true.

万一

An unfavorable contingency

万一 presents a possible contingency, often undesirable or unlikely, followed by a response.

万一下雨，就改在室内。

Wàn yī xià yǔ, jiù gǎi zài shì nèi.

If it happens to rain, move it indoors.

Thêm

Lỗi hay gặp: Do not use it indiscriminately for every routine condition.

…，要不然/不然…

Otherwise in conversation

不然 or 要不然 gives the consequence of failing to take the preceding action.

快出发，不然就赶不上了。

Kuài chū fā, bù rán jiù gǎn bù shàng le.

Leave quickly, otherwise we won't make it.

Thêm

Lỗi hay gặp: 要不 can also propose an alternative in other contexts.

Chi tiết nguồn (đề cương chính thức)

  • Narrative consequence with 便

    Mục trong đề cương
    ……，便……
    Loại
    承接复句
    Mã ngữ pháp
    grammar-L5-056
    Trang PDF
    399 (trang in 396)

  • Alternative clauses with 或是

    Mục trong đề cương
    或是……，或是……
    Loại
    选择复句
    Mã ngữ pháp
    grammar-L5-057
    Trang PDF
    399 (trang in 396)

  • Once a condition takes effect

    Mục trong đề cương
    一旦……，就……
    Loại
    假设复句
    Mã ngữ pháp
    grammar-L5-058
    Trang PDF
    399 (trang in 396)

  • Supposition with 假如

    Mục trong đề cương
    假如……，（就）……
    Loại
    假设复句
    Mã ngữ pháp
    grammar-L5-059
    Trang PDF
    399 (trang in 396)

  • An unfavorable contingency

    Mục trong đề cương
    万一……，（就）……
    Loại
    假设复句
    Mã ngữ pháp
    grammar-L5-060
    Trang PDF
    399 (trang in 396)

  • Otherwise in conversation

    Mục trong đề cương
    ……，要不然/不然……
    Loại
    假设复句
    Mã ngữ pháp
    grammar-L5-061
    Trang PDF
    399 (trang in 396)