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HSK 6Bài 7/9 · 3 điểm ngữ pháp

Extreme results and unusual causes

透 expresses a thorough result or extreme degree. In advanced 把 sentences, a nonhuman situation can be the cause and the affected person can also perform the action. Follow semantic roles rather than assuming subject equals intentional agent.

Learning goals (3)
  • Thorough degree with 透.
  • An inanimate cause with 把.
  • An affected actor in 把.

动词/形容词+透+了

Thorough degree with 透

V/adjective+透了 expresses a thorough result or extreme degree in suitable combinations.

我对他失望透了。

Wǒ duì tā shī wàng tòu le.

I am utterly disappointed in him.

Thêm

湿透了 soaked through; 看透了 see through thoroughly; 失望透了 utterly disappointed. The shared thoroughness can describe a concrete result or evaluative degree.

Lỗi hay gặp: Wet-through 湿透了 and utterly disappointed differ in literalness.

把

An inanimate cause with 把

An event or circumstance can cause an effect on an object or person in a 把 sentence.

这场雨把衣服都淋湿了。

Zhè chǎng yǔ bǎ yī fu dōu lín shī le.

This rain soaked all the clothes.

Thêm

Lỗi hay gặp: The subject need not be an intentional human agent.

把

An affected actor in 把

An affected person may also be the person carrying out the action described by the predicate.

这段路把我走累了。

Zhè duàn lù bǎ wǒ zǒu lèi le.

Walking this stretch of road tired me out.

Thêm

Lỗi hay gặp: 我 performs the walking but is the affected participant after 把.

Chi tiết nguồn (đề cương chính thức)

  • Thorough degree with 透

    Mục trong đề cương
    动词/形容词+透+了
    Loại
    程度补语3
    Mã ngữ pháp
    grammar-L6-040
    Trang PDF
    402 (trang in 399)

  • An inanimate cause with 把

    Mục trong đề cương
    （1）主语（非生物体）+把+宾语+动词+其他成分
    Loại
    “把”字句4
    Mã ngữ pháp
    grammar-L6-041
    Trang PDF
    402 (trang in 399)

  • An affected actor in 把

    Mục trong đề cương
    （2）主语+把+宾语（施事）+动词+其他成分
    Loại
    “把”字句4
    Mã ngữ pháp
    grammar-L6-042
    Trang PDF
    402 (trang in 399)