HSK 4Bài 4/14 · 9 điểm ngữ pháp
Compact expressions and evaluation
Four-character expressions often preserve conventional pairings. Other frames indicate ample supply, lack of time, possibility or reformulation. Learn their pragmatic meaning and distribution rather than building new phrases by blind substitution.
Learning goals (9)
- Quantity with a size modifier.
- Balanced 一a一b phrases.
- Balanced 无a无b phrases.
- Balanced 有a有b phrases.
- Enough time: 来得及.
- Plenty with 有的是.
- Possibly with 说不定.
- Not very with 不怎么.
- Reformulation.
数词+形容词+量词
Quantity with a size modifier
A size adjective may intervene between number and measure: 一大碗饭.
他吃了一大碗面。
He ate a large bowl of noodles.
Thêm
Lỗi hay gặp: Do not reorder this into 大一碗 when modifying the serving.
一A一B
Balanced 一A一B phrases
Established forms such as 一心一意 and 一举一动 create parallel emphasis or distribution.
他的一举一动都很自然。
His every movement is natural.
Thêm
Lỗi hay gặp: Treat these as conventional phrases, not a free slot-filling machine.
无A无B
Balanced 无A无B phrases
无A无B pairs absence of related constraints or qualities, as in 无忧无虑.
孩子们无忧无虑地玩着。
The children played without a care.
Thêm
Lỗi hay gặp: The words inside a conventional phrase cannot be replaced arbitrarily.
有A有B
Balanced 有A有B phrases
有A有B emphasizes a paired positive property, such as 有说有笑.
大家有说有笑地走进来。
Everyone came in chatting and laughing.
Thêm
Lỗi hay gặp: The whole phrase expresses a manner; it is not two unrelated possession statements.
来得及/来不及
Enough time: 来得及
来得及/来不及 describe whether an action can be accomplished before a deadline.
现在出发还来得及。
There is still time if we leave now.
Thêm
来得及 before a deadline: 现在走还来得及. 来不及了 says the time available is insufficient. Compare 没来得及买票, which reports not managing in time on an occasion.
Lỗi hay gặp: This concerns timing, not knowing how to perform the action.
有的是
Plenty with 有的是
有的是 emphasizes abundance, often reassurance or confidence.
别担心，我们有的是时间。
Don't worry; we have plenty of time.
Thêm
Lỗi hay gặp: It means an abundance, not just the existence of one item.
说不定
Possibly with 说不定
说不定 presents an uncertain possibility, often an unexpected one.
他明天说不定会来。
He might come tomorrow.
Thêm
Lỗi hay gặp: It does not literally mean unable to say a fixed phrase.
不怎么
Not very with 不怎么
不怎么 before an adjective or verb reduces degree or frequency.
我不怎么喝咖啡。
I don't drink coffee much.
Thêm
Lỗi hay gặp: Unlike 不喝, it can leave room for occasional drinking.
就是说/这就是说
Reformulation
就是说/这就是说 introduces a restatement or implication of preceding information.
这就是说，我们得重新开始。
That means we have to start again.
Thêm
Lỗi hay gặp: Make the inferred meaning follow from the preceding statement.
Chi tiết nguồn (đề cương chính thức)
Quantity with a size modifier
- Mục trong đề cương
- 数词+形容词+量词
- Mã ngữ pháp
- grammar-L4-024
- Trang PDF
- 395 (trang in 392)
Balanced 一A一B phrases
- Mục trong đề cương
- 一A一B
- Loại
- 四字格
- Mã ngữ pháp
- grammar-L4-025
- Trang PDF
- 395 (trang in 392)
Balanced 无A无B phrases
- Mục trong đề cương
- 无A无B
- Loại
- 四字格
- Mã ngữ pháp
- grammar-L4-026
- Trang PDF
- 395 (trang in 392)
Balanced 有A有B phrases
- Mục trong đề cương
- 有A有B
- Loại
- 四字格
- Mã ngữ pháp
- grammar-L4-027
- Trang PDF
- 395 (trang in 392)
Enough time: 来得及
- Mục trong đề cương
- 来得及/来不及
- Loại
- 其他
- Mã ngữ pháp
- grammar-L4-028
- Trang PDF
- 395 (trang in 392)
Plenty with 有的是
- Mục trong đề cương
- 有的是
- Loại
- 其他
- Mã ngữ pháp
- grammar-L4-029
- Trang PDF
- 395 (trang in 392)
Possibly with 说不定
- Mục trong đề cương
- 说不定
- Loại
- 其他
- Mã ngữ pháp
- grammar-L4-030
- Trang PDF
- 395 (trang in 392)
Not very with 不怎么
- Mục trong đề cương
- 不怎么
- Loại
- 其他
- Mã ngữ pháp
- grammar-L4-031
- Trang PDF
- 395 (trang in 392)
Reformulation
- Mục trong đề cương
- 就是说/这就是说
- Loại
- 其他
- Mã ngữ pháp
- grammar-L4-032
- Trang PDF
- 395 (trang in 392)
- 1FILL BLANK
他吃了面。
Choose the expression that completes the sentence.
“He ate a large bowl of noodles.”
- 2FILL BLANK
，我们得重新开始。
Choose the expression that completes the sentence.
“That means we have to start again.”
- 3MATCH
Tap a sentence, then tap its meaning.
Bấm một câu, rồi bấm nghĩa của nó.
- 4CHOOSE
Which means there is no longer enough time?
- 5CHOOSE
说不定他已经到了，你打个电话问问。
What is the speaker's certainty?
- 6ORDER
Tap the chunks to build the sentence.
“He ate a large bowl of noodles.”
Bấm các cụm theo đúng thứ tự. - 7ORDER
Tap the chunks to build the sentence.
“His every movement is natural.”
Bấm các cụm theo đúng thứ tự.
Đã làm 0/7 câu.
Bài tiếp: Domains, examples and persistence →一A一BBalanced 一A一B phrases
- 很多比它新得多的建筑早就不在了，它却至今还在一年一年地工作。 Hơn hai nghìn năm vẫn còn được dùng · HSK 5
有A有BBalanced 有A有B phrases
- 我包的饺子有大有小，她让我别放太多肉，说放多了容易破。 Nên ăn sủi cảo như thế nào · HSK 4
- 姐姐发现鱼太大，家里的锅放不下；弟弟包的饺子有大有小，有几个刚放进锅里就开了。 Năm nay ai nấu cơm tất niên? · HSK 4
来得及/来不及Enough time: 来得及
- 如果先帮同事，自己的材料可能来不及检查；如果先做自己的事，同事又得另找人帮忙。 Hai việc, làm việc nào trước? · HSK 4
有的是Plenty with 有的是
- 一位经常参加活动的老人听见了，说：“有的是游客扔的，也有的是从海上过来的。上个月这儿游客不多，下过大雨以后，垃圾反而多了。” Rác từ đâu mà ra · HSK 5
说不定Possibly with 说不定
- 我看了看那个窝，说：“先留着吧，说不定明年它们还会回来。” Tổ chim trên ban công · HSK 5