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HSK 4Bài 10/14 · 6 điểm ngữ pháp

Structuring an explanation

Correct an account with 不是…而是, combine properties with 既…又, separate aspects with 一方面, and order points or steps with 首先. 于是 then advances a narrative through a resulting event.

Learning goals (6)
  • Correction with 不是…而是.
  • Two compatible points.
  • Two aspects.
  • Ordering arguments.
  • Ordering procedures.
  • A resulting next step.

不是…，而是…

Correction with 不是…而是

Reject one account and replace it with another.

我不是不想去，而是没有时间。

Wǒ bù shì bù xiǎng qù, ér shì méi yǒu shí jiān.

It's not that I don't want to go; I don't have time.

Thêm

Lỗi hay gặp: The second clause supplies the correction rather than an unrelated contrast.

既…，又/也…

Two compatible points

既…又/也… links parallel qualities or facts, often more formally than 又…又.

这个办法既简单又有效。

Zhè ge bàn fǎ jì jiǎn dān yòu yǒu xiào.

This method is both simple and effective.

Thêm

Lỗi hay gặp: Keep the two linked elements grammatically parallel where possible.

一方面…，另一方面…

Two aspects

一方面…另一方面… organizes distinct aspects of an issue, which may support or oppose one another.

一方面我想去，另一方面我又担心时间不够。

Yī fāng miàn wǒ xiǎng qù, lìng yī fāng miàn wǒ yòu dān xīn shí jiān bù gòu.

On one hand I want to go; on the other, I worry about time.

Thêm

Lỗi hay gặp: Two aspects need not form a strict contradiction.

首先…，其次…

Ordering arguments

首先…其次… orders points in an explanation; the order need not describe time.

首先要保证质量，其次才考虑价格。

Shǒu xiān yào bǎo zhèng zhì liàng, qí cì cái kǎo lǜ jià gé.

First ensure quality; then consider price.

Thêm

Lỗi hay gặp: 其次 can mark priority in argument rather than a later physical event.

首先…，然后…

Ordering procedures

首先…然后… presents a procedural or temporal sequence.

首先洗手，然后开始做饭。

Shǒu xiān xǐ shǒu, rán hòu kāi shǐ zuò fàn.

First wash your hands, then start cooking.

Thêm

Lỗi hay gặp: Use an order that matches the intended procedure.

…，于是…

A resulting next step

于是 introduces what happened next as a response or consequence of the preceding situation.

下雨了，于是我们回家了。

Xià yǔ le, yú shì wǒ men huí jiā le.

It started raining, so we went home.

Thêm

Lỗi hay gặp: Unlike abstract 所以, 于是 commonly advances a narrative.

Chi tiết nguồn (đề cương chính thức)

  • Correction with 不是…而是

    Mục trong đề cương
    不是……，而是……
    Loại
    并列复句
    Mã ngữ pháp
    grammar-L4-066
    Trang PDF
    397 (trang in 394)

  • Two compatible points

    Mục trong đề cương
    既……，又/也……
    Loại
    并列复句
    Mã ngữ pháp
    grammar-L4-067
    Trang PDF
    397 (trang in 394)

  • Two aspects

    Mục trong đề cương
    一方面……，另一方面……
    Loại
    并列复句
    Mã ngữ pháp
    grammar-L4-068
    Trang PDF
    397 (trang in 394)

  • Ordering arguments

    Mục trong đề cương
    首先……，其次……
    Loại
    承接复句
    Mã ngữ pháp
    grammar-L4-069
    Trang PDF
    397 (trang in 394)

  • Ordering procedures

    Mục trong đề cương
    首先……，然后……
    Loại
    承接复句
    Mã ngữ pháp
    grammar-L4-070
    Trang PDF
    397 (trang in 394)

  • A resulting next step

    Mục trong đề cương
    ……，于是……
    Loại
    承接复句
    Mã ngữ pháp
    grammar-L4-071
    Trang PDF
    397 (trang in 394)